A Zara Supply Chain Strategy

A Zara Supply Chain Strategy The hypothetical extent of this writing survey is conveyed by buying procedure and by gracefully chain methodology imminent. This piece of the writing is established on the Internet and from the articles in the Burch International University library. Through looking for the satisfactory information’s, definitions, articles, diaries and so forth; research was being executed with the watchwords, for example, buying procedure or gracefully chain technique or the executives or just Zara flexibly chain the board. There are diverse data’s, articles and sites that were subsidized by the Internet about the Zara, and all offers various thoughts of the examination heading. So as to gather parcel of helpful and exact material of Zara, I acquire from companion who fills in as a vender administrator in Azel store. A Zara gracefully chain technique was the key term of my examination and was a significant piece of my hypothetical spotlight on flexibly chain procedure. The point of thi s exploration is to give an away from of the hypothetical examination and to have the option to oversee investigation of the Zara contextual analysis indicating how organization buy and which flexibly chain system viewpoint is the most advantageous for such an organization. The reason for utilization of survey in this exploration depends on the clarifying and confirming the job and effect of buying and flexibly chain technique of the Zara business and how it’s making fruitful. The impacts of gracefully are especially key in design ventures of showcasing research. Albeit through this audit likewise it will be portrayed various parts of flexibly chain focuses in the quick style industry. Presentation This survey anyway will be founded on the two areas; portraying and breaking down the structure of the Zara’s stores and on understanding the impact of buying of flexibly chain methodologies. The assembling ZARA garments organization has an incredible improvement of graceful ly chain, down to earth and creative circulation channel forms. Brief portrayal of flexibly chain the board In normal gracefully chain the executives (SCM) is examined issue in advertising practices and hypotheses also. â€Å"Supply chain the board is a lot of approaches used to proficiently incorporate providers, makers, stockrooms, and stores, with the goal that product is delivered and conveyed at the correct amounts, to the correct areas, and at the ideal time, so as to limit framework wide expenses while fulfilling administration level requirements.† The flexibly chain the executives is the dynamic administration of gracefully tie exercises to amplify client esteem and accomplish a manageable upper hand. It speaks to a cognizant exertion by the flexibly affix firms to create and run gracefully chains in the best and effective manners conceivable. Gracefully chain exercises spread everything from item advancement, sourcing, creation, and coordinations, just as the data fr ameworks expected to facilitate these exercises. The associations that make up the flexibly chain are â€Å"linked† together through physical streams and data streams. Physical streams include the change, development, and capacity of products and materials. They are the most noticeable bit of the flexibly chain. Be that as it may, similarly as significant are data streams. Data streams permit the different flexibly affix accomplices to organize their drawn out plans, and to control the everyday progression of products and material here and there the gracefully chain.

Telecommunications Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Media communications Industry - Essay Example Well known connection conventions for neighborhood (LANs) showed up during the 1970s. AT&T was the main greatest media communications organization. In 1913, AT&T resolved to arrange its message stock. The Telecommunication Act of 1996 changed the guideline and opened the market for rivalry. AT&T kept on going about as the pioneer, setting up gauges for others to follow. In 2000s, the media transmission industry saw a great deal of mergers and rearrangements. Ringer Atlantic and GTE consolidated to frame Verizon. Lucent Technologies hived off its venture arrangement bunch into another organization. Cisco, Nortel Networks, and DSL began making names in voice and information correspondences and the Internet business. The media communications industry is developing at a quick pace. New innovation is acquiring new chances, and media transmission organizations are getting up to speed quick. The union of the PC, Internet, and PDAs, alongside the expanded access alternatives through fiber optic, remote, satellite, and DSL is prompting a consistently associated worldwide network. Data trade happens with the press of a catch, and the most remote areas are presently open through the satellite or cell. This fast development is making new organizations, which are further getting converged into the significant telecom elements. A portion of the enormous Probably the biggest universal broadcast communications organizations known for imaginative innovation and items are AT&T, British Telecom, Deutsche Telekom, NTT, SBC Communications, Verizon Communications, Vodafone, and WorldCom. Investment and Start-up Financing Activities Funding (VC) speculation is the point at which an outsider takes value in an organization. A solid, self-continuing, and energetic VC industry is a basic factor to make an endeavor culture in which developing business visionaries get support to face challenges and construct effective organizations. Private division financing is significant to empower government approaches. Financial speculators have consistently sponsored the high potential media communications business. The top VCs, as recorded in Forbes.com incorporate Promod Haque (Norwest Venture Partners), Vinod Khosla and Tom Perkins (Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers), David Strohm (Greylock), Lawrence Sonsini (Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and Rosati), and Paul Chamberlain (Morgan Stanley). One of the best VC upheld new business would be Cisco Systems (Mayer and Kenney 2004). Industry Statistics The VC business assumes a significant job in the U.S. economy. In 2007, USA saw a VC venture of $29.4 billion of every 3,813 arrangements. The interest in media transmission industry remained at $2.1 billion dollars from 290 arrangements, however it diminished from $2.6 billion (301 arrangements) in 2006. As against this, the Life Sciences division (Biotechnology and Medical Device ventures together) got a VC speculation of $9.1 billion of every 2007 (862 arrangements). Programming putting was level at $5.3 billion out of 905 arrangements. Web explicit organizations got $4.6 billion from 748

10 Myths regarding Business Startups

10 Myths regarding Business Startups Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!10 Myths regarding Business StartupsUpdated On 22/01/2020Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/37hkRGy CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogSuccessful business people and entrepreneurs start out at the same place with an idea. Rarely does someone start as an expert, perfectly qualified to understand and address every element of their new business. Businesses are always evolving and innovating, and even experts can find themselves facing unprecedented challenges and situations.Learn from those who have already achieved success and seek out their advice when beginning your business. There’s no shame in learning from the best, in fact, it is proactive and shows that you are not afraid to be resourceful and do whatever it takes when it comes to making your business succeed. Don’t be shy: take the time to talk to other successful business owners and get a head start on your road to success.Half of new businesses fail within the first five years. While that’s an intimidating statistic to hear, understanding the odds and being aware of common pitfalls will increase the chances of your business being part of that 50% that make it.So how can you determine what advice is solid and what isn’t? Who is beneficial to talk to and who will give you misleading, irrelevant or even potentially harmful advice? While there are plenty of myths about what makes for a successful startup venture, it’s important to distinguish between myth and fact. Here are some of the popular myths, and what you really need to know:Myth 1 â€" Determination, inspiration, and a great idea are all you needInspiration alone is not enough to start a successful business. To get your business up and running it is imperative to maintain steady cash flow. Expenses including payroll, taxes, ongoing utilities bills, purchasing tools and/ or stock and business insuranc e come part and parcel with most businesses and are integral to their operation. A company with inspired and tireless workers will ultimately fail without adequate revenue to pay wages. Closely monitor your cash flow and figure out how you can make sure that it is steady and allows you to meet your business’s needs in a timely manner.Myth 2 You must have a huge reserve of moneyHaving a healthy reserve of money in your account is always beneficial but it is not a guaranteedmeasure of success. Ultimately, it doesn’t matter if you invest a modest or large amount of your savings, take a bank loan or borrow from relatives to get your business up and running. The secret to success is being able to build your business to a sustainable level and manage your cash flow so that you can pay back loans or investors and turn a profit by maintaining and growing steady cashflow.Myth 3 â€" Successful entrepreneurs work 24/7It may seem counter-intuitive but stepping back from your business somet imes can really help it to succeed. Why? Because maintaining a reasonable schedule, delegating tasks when appropriate, and allowing yourself down time prevents burnout, recharges your energy, can boost creativity, and helps you reduce mistakes that arise through stress and exhaustion. Even the smartest and most creative business owners can burn out, potentially having devastating effects on their companies.Myth 4 You must know how to do everythingThis is simply not necessary. We build teams to share your company’s workload â€" teams that contain different people with different areas of expertise. Build a team that can share the load, and that complements your strengths, and address any weaknesses in your company. You focus on what you do best.READShould I Start An Online Business?Myth 5 â€" All you need is a great productThe product is important but there is only one part of the marketing mix which includes product, placement (where you advertise and sell your service) price and how you promote your business. It is evident that you need to establish a solid marketing plan and strong financial practices to support it. You might have to hire employees that are experts at this â€" but it will pay off.Myth 6 â€" You don’t need help from expertsYou’re not expected to be a jack-of-all-trades. No one knows everything there is to know about starting and maintaining a thriving business â€" especially as a startup company. Learn from the experts and never stop developing new ideas and ways to make your business thrive. And don’t be afraid to hire consultants as needed.Myth 7 You must hire a full team of permanent staffOne of a business’s biggest expenses is their staff. Investigate what functions can be outsourced and utilise these services until it is feasible to permanently hire staff members. You can use websites such as UpWork, Fiverr and more can help you reduce costs, and find someone perfectly suited to the task at hand.Myth 8 You need a completed bu siness planYou don’t need to have a full, detailed business plan in the beginning. It’s fine to start off with a two to three page plan. Afterall, there may be aspects to your business and its functions that only appear later down the track. Your initial business plans should include your mission statement, your company vision, basic financial and marketing information, and tools for measuring your progress. You can improve and refine it from there as your business evolves and expands.Myth 9 Entrepreneurship is easyBeing an entrepreneur isn’t easy, and its rarely a success on the first try. Many successful business owners and CEOs have several failed start-ups before they create a business that succeeds. This includes Twitter co-founder Evan Williams, LinkedIn founder Reid Hoffman and Melanie Hopkins, founder of Canva. Expect to put in hard work in order to reap rewards, and don’t get discouraged if your venture fails. It can take many frustrating attempts before you create a successful and profitable company.Myth 10 Theres a perfect time to startThere’s never a perfect time to start. You’ve done your research, made your business plan, you’re inspired, and motivated â€" get started now. Here’s to your future success!In addition to preparing to launch your start up business, it’s critical to identify and maintain suitable business insurance for your company. BizCover NZ has access to a network of insurance companies and can quickly provide you many policy options to choose from to secure the most suitable insurance to your business.

Financial Performance Of Marks And Spencers Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3267 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? CURRENT RATIO The current ratio tells us about the liquidity of the company. It is the ratio which tells us the companys ability to pay off its liabilities using the current assets in case the company is liquidated. Higher the current ratio, the better it is. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Performance Of Marks And Spencers Example For Free" essay for you Create order Marks and Spencers current ratio is on the lower side year by year from the year 2010-2009 in comparison with rivals such as Tesco Plc and this ratio indicates a higher margin of safety with respect to meeting current obligations. Marks and Spencers current ratio will not allow them to take more debt as compared to previous years practices. Although, Marks and Spencer has made short-term investments but it still the current ratio is reported on the lower side and not stable and healthy as compared to the previous years Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). Marks and Spencers current ratio havent strong current ratio and its gives a not a strong and positive signal to the creditors that companys business operation is running on a right path. The current ratio of Marks and Spencer suggests that company have not sufficient and ample reserve cash or liquid asset and Marks and Spencer cant utilize the excess or reserve cash on their ongoing business. RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED An ROCE of 16% (Annual Report, 2010) in the year 2010 indicates that Marks and Spencer is slightly downward in order to generate more EBIT in accordance with the balance sheet composition. The ROCE is slightly negative in the year 2010 as compare with the year 2009 primarily because of Marks and Spencers internal policies or due to macro factors. Companys inconsistent performance in the shape of EBIT year by year not make a significant impact on the ROCE of the company in contrast with the industry as we know that the stockholder equity, which includes retained earnings, also makes a reflection on the companys stock prices Meigs (1999). GROSS PROFIT MARGIN Efficient management strategy reflects in the gross profit sales which increased in the year 2010 with 38% (Annual Report, 2010) as compared with the year 2009. In the year 2009, Marks and Spencer hasnt focuses on reduces the cost of goods sold which gives a slightly negative reflection on the gross profit. Slight decrease in the year 2009 gross profit because of economic recession in the economy reflects on the gross profit of Marks and Spencer. Moreover, Marks and Spencer high ratio of COGS in the shape of FOH, Purchases etc and also due to internal restructuring. On the whole the gross profit margin is fair enough and one should hope that the percentage of gross profit margin will increase in years to come Meigs (1999). NET PROFIT MARGIN The profit margin on sales ratio tells us the ability of the firm to convert its sales into profits. A low profit margin on sales indicates high expenses which consume most of the revenue earned by the firm. In such a case, the firm needs to analyze and point out areas which are producing more expenses than usual. The higher the ratio, the better it is for the company. From the perspective of Marks and Spencer there is not significant moment is reviewed in all the three years. Marks and Spencers net profit margin is almost constant in the previous years and the companys net profit margin in the year 2010 is 5% (Annual Report, 2010)because of margins in selling, administration expenses, RD expenditure, etc. In that case Marks and Spencer still has a room for improvement in the net profit margin Garrison (2004). Moreover in the year 2010, because of rough economic and business condition, Marks and Spencers efficient business running strategy hit badly in terms of net profit margin. I t is viewed that Net Profit margin rate will increase in years to come. The management strategy has helped generate more revenue but there has been significant impact made on the net profit Myers, Brealey and Marcus (2001). STOCK TURNOVER PERIOD Marks and Spencer is able to convert its inventory into cash every 38th day in the year 2010 and 34th day in the year 2009, which is not good going for the company in comparison with the previous years. This shows that Marks and Spencer is better at managing its inventory especially in the years 2009. Marks and Spencers inventory management strategies make a strong reflection on this ratio and it is evident that companys operating cycle is slightly high in comparison with the previous years which is fair practice as far as companys perspective is concerned. RECEIVABLE (DEBTORS) DAYS Receivable debtors days tells us the average number of days it will take to recover the accounts receivables balance. This allows the investors and the management of the company to analyze the effectiveness of the current credit policy and its implementation. Slow collection period increases the probability of bad debts and this important factor make a reflection on the Marks and Spencer Average collection period. Marks and Spencer has employed an effective credit policy for its customers and adopted an aggressive credit policy to collect their receivables. As a result, Marks and Spencers allowance for bad debts is also significantly lower than the industry. Industry trend on the other hand is very sluggish primarily due to recession in the economy. PAYABLES CREDITORS DAY Marks and Spencers payable creditors day is in high zone in the year 2010. Marks and Spencer paid out its liabilities in 71st day in the year 2010 as compare with the year 2009 in which payable creditors day is 69th. This ratio clearly reveals that company is slightly tentative and hesitant in paid off its liabilities. The core reason behind is the economic recession prevail in the industry. Late payment to the supplier emerged and portrait negative image of the company. So, it is the prime responsibility of the management to ensure that payment is made as early as possible because it will in the end made an impression on the operating cycle of the company. WC CYCLE DAYS In the year 2010 and 2009, Marks and Spencers WC cycle days remained constant in the negative zone with -23 days. It is a worrying sign for the management and showed that companys WC cycle days is very sluggish. This is not a good practice as far as companys future operations are concerned. It also reveals that company not paid any attention towards its working capital management strategies. GEARING RATIO (DEBT TO ASSET RATIO) Marks and Spencer D/A ratio, is around 69% in the year 2010 (Annual Report, 2010) .In the year 2009, the debt to total assets is around 71% which is good as far as the performance is concerned (Annual Report, 2010). The year 2009 is worst for Marks and Spencer Plc, the main reason behind is the improper utilization of debt in order to capitalize assets. Moreover, it also reveals the fact that the management of the company cant generate more assets in response with the debt. A higher D/A ratio would place the company under increased amount of risk, especially if the interest rates are rising. Hence, a lower D/A ratio would be more desirable Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. (2001). INTEREST COVERAGE RATIO This ratio helps the analysts analyze the ability of the firm to pay interest on the debt. This ratio is especially of concern to the creditors of the firm or the banks who are interested in providing debt financing to the firm. If the company is able to pay its interest expense, only then it is able to obtain financing. The TIE ratio of Avon is satisfactory since it is showing a high earning before income and tax and a better one than its industry competitors. TIE ratio is concerned it looks healthy as far as companys future operations are concerned and it also gives an indication that debt holders are not concerned about the companys performance because Marks and Spencer has reported an excellent TIE ratio through out two years. It is a good signal for the companys perspective (Besley, Brigham, 2001). 2. WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT The primary objective of the Marks and Spencer Plc is to maintain an optimum balance among the different components of the working capital. The different techniques of Marks and Spencer Plc to manage its working capital are stated below: Marks and Spencer Plc adopts both conservative and aggressive policy to manage its working capital. Because it is an open book reality that the most of the automotive industry have fewer current assets and more of fixed assets it is good for the perspective of profitability but on the respective side if the current assets are less than the current liabilities it brings curse for the Marks and Spencer Plc. So on one hand, company adopts the aggressive policy by making profit and on the other hand by using the conservative policy, the working capital of the company is on the declining side. Marks and Spencer Plc employs proper inventory control technique such as JIT. Just in time (JIT) system works on the manufacturers coordination with the sup plier. The production is started in a manner that supplier provides raw material or part of raw materials which enable them to begin the process of production, however what makes the JIT more efficient is that the raw materials arrive just before they were to be used in production. JIT aims at combining technology and the various processes involved to satisfy or link all the essential level of production and corporate affairs Finkler, (2003). In its true essence, JIT means that a corporation should have just the appropriate level of inventory or raw materials in order to satisfy all production process and also the customer demands. JIT is also referred as demand pull system because each work station produces its product when the next workstation is ready to receive more inputs Garrison (2004). Marks and Spencer Plc uses the decentralized cash management system. In the pharmaceutical industry it is very onerous to collect the money from the debtors. So keeping this thing into cons ideration Marks and Spencer Plc introduces the decentralized cash management system which not only reduces the cost of collection but also makes a positive impact on the increment of working capital. 3. LONG-TERM SOLVENCY Marks and Spencer Plc is highly dependent on debt financing with a percentage of 69% to be accurate, which shows the fact that there is a high leverage cost being bore by the management in order to run its business smoothly and efficiently. The management not only takes the short term borrowing but also the long term borrowing in the shape of Bank loans and overdrafts, Syndicated bank facility, etc and the timing of these loans varied from Within one year to More than five years. In the year 2010, the Bank loans and overdrafts is  £m (267.4) as compare with the year 2009 in which Bank loans and overdrafts was  £m (159.1).It clearly showed that management is highly dependent on Bank loans and overdrafts due to which 68% increment is observed in Bank loans and overdrafts. Syndicated bank facility was also decreased significantly in the year 2010 as compare with the year 2009 (2010  £219.8 million, 2009  £781.2 million) (Marks and Spencer Plc Annual Report, 2010, p.103). While on the other forms of financing like in Medium-term notes remained constant in the year 2010 (2010  £2183.9 million, 2009  £2018.5 million) (Marks and Spencer Plc Annual Report, 2010, p.103). Overall slightly low tendency has been recorded in the total debt in the year 2010 the company paid off some more debt as compared to the previous year, which is very high in comparison to previous years because Marks and Spencer Plcs volume of business is high and has been soaring since 2009 and the trend is increasing. So, there is a high need to finance increase in operations with debt. Furthermore, Marks and Spencer Plc is primarily financing their activities through debt. Debt holders showed a confidence on the companys prospective so they granted a loan to the Marks and Spencer Plc. Due to expansion in the business volume company acquiring debt to financing their business activities Finkler, (2003). (b) A SECTOR ANALYSIS: Marks and Spencer Plc relates with service sector and associate with Retail (Department and Discount) industry. After the thorough analysis of the companys financial performance it is important to compare the financial performance of the company with its industry rivals. The facts are stated below: Marks and Spencer Plc P/E ratio is around $10.36 and in comparison sectors ratio is $10.35. It is a healthier sign that company produces excellent earnings in accordance with market demanded (Reuters, Industry Data, 2010). Companys dividend yield is 4.37% whereas sectors 1.15%. It showed that the stockholders pay attention and respect to towards companys policies which in the end made an impression on the dividend yield of the company (Reuters, Industry Data, 2010). Marks and Spencer Plcs current ratio is 0.80 and the sectors current ratio is 0.79 and it showed that both company and industry is in a state of slight liquidity problem due to this both company and industrys ratio i s slightly vulnerable (Reuters, Industry Data, 2010). (c) A CRITICAL EVALUATION OF HOW THE COMPANY IS ADDRESSING THE AGENCY PROBLEM. The directors of Marks and Spencer also emphasise and addresses agency problem on long term basis among the employees, stockholders and debt holders and take all possible measures to build a strong chain and relationship among all the stakeholders. The basic motive behind this is to review the strategy and performance in the interest of the company on long term basis. Marks and Spencer is a big name in the market. Company is heavily relying on debt financing and the companys management paid prominent interests to the debt holders. In the year 2010-09, companys management buy back bonds worth  £200m because of favorable debt market position. This move allowed the management of Marks and Spencer to strengthen its long term position by broadening the average maturity date of debt capital Annual Report 2010, Page 09. It is very onerous decision for the management of Marks and Spencer is paid out the dividend @ 15.0p per share because of economic downturn but the companys manage ment decided to pay out dividend @ 9.5p per share in order to safeguard the interest of stockholders. In addition, company grows dividends in accordance with the adjusted earnings per share Annual Report 2010, Page 09. The table of key management compensation is drawn below: KEY MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION 2010  £m 2009  £m Salaries and short-term benefits 9.6 6.0 Termination benefits 0.2 1.1 Share-based payments 3.1 1.8 Total 12.9 8.9 (Marks and Spencer Plc, Annual Report, 2010, pg. 111) The management of Marks and Spencer strictly followed the compensation to keep the balance among all the stakeholders of the company. Marks and Spencer allocated huge part of its earnings to the management compensation as the above table suggested that in the year 2010, company pay full attention towards Salaries and short-term benefits and Share-based payments due to which on overall key management compensation increased with 4  £m as compare with the year 2009. Although, the market conditions and circumstances has changed rapidly but the management of Marks and Spencer has took all possible measures to safeguard all the interests of the stakeholders of the company and the management of the company is confident that all possible steps which will take in future put the a step forward which in the end builds a strong financial shape of the company also under the time of uncertainty and come up stronger as t he economy shaped up. (d) REFLECTIVE JOURNAL The economic system has grown enormously since its beginning and accounting has become more complex. It is a crystal clear fact that it is an onerous task to translate physical quantities into numbers, as accountants must do when they construct the financial statement. However the original reason for financial statements still apply like investors need accounting information to make intelligent decisions, mangers need it to operate their businesses, and tax authorities need this information to assess taxes in reasonable way. In my point of view, Balance Sheet provides a more clear reflection of a companys performance in recent past. The balance sheet is an ideal starting point for the analysis of companys resources and obligations including the liquidity and solvency of the organization. The balance sheet provides information about the nature of the assets that the firm uses as debt collateral and also gives an insight on the companys mode of financing (Equity or Debt). The bala nce sheet also reports on a firms earnings-generating ability in two ways. Firstly, assets of the company, which can be defined as economic resources, are expected to provide the future benefits and their worth should be analyzed very carefully. Consistent with the long run going concern perspective of the firm, these future benefits are not only cash flows but also the ability to generate earnings over a relatively long period of time. The balance sheet can also help forecast a companys future cash flow needs and evaluates the firms profitability with regards to the level of investment required for a specific level of sales or profitability. Fixed assets (Equipment, Land, Building of the company), methods of valuating depreciation like straight Line, declining method etc and inventory in the shape of food items that are stocked and the valuation of merchandise like using LIFO, FIFO etc, all hold importance. Investors, creditors, lenders and other interested groups need to evalua te the financial performance of company (in the shape of financing modes equity or debt). In addition, management itself has to gauge the performance of the firm to see if any improvements could be implemented. So, first financial statement to be reviewed is the balance sheet, which reflects the companys financial condition at a given point in time and next would be the income statement, which shows the companys performance over a specific time period. THE LIMITATIONS OF THE COMPANYS MARKS AND SPENCER PLC The limitations are stated below: The implementation of different accounting policies might distract the reported figures. Like frequently made changes in depreciation methods, in inventory valuation technique etc (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98). If the reported figures on financial statement are out of date then the ratio cant portrait the true picture of the company. The ratio are also not debated on the risk associated the figures. If the employees or the management of the company manipulated with the figures or uses the big bath accounting technique then the ratios are also not clearly projected the companys performance. (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98) Ratios are also not clearly drawn the valid projection of the companys capital structure or the size of the companys business (Besley, Brigham, Scott, Eugene F. 2001, p. 98). It is the reality that inflation distorts the reported amount. Ratio are not provides any appropriate judg ment over the issue related with inflation. The factor of risk is beyond the control of ratios and the ratios are provides any proper evaluation related with risk. COMPANY NEWS On 06 August 2010, Horticulture Week reported that Marks and Spencer Plc has reported 404% increment in the sales of lavender Horticulture Week (2010). On 06 August 2010, Retail Week reported that the appointment of Marks and Spencer Plc Finance chief welcomed by city analysts Retail Week (2010). On 05 August 2010, the reporter Joeseph Connor reported that Marks and Spencer Plc appointed Alan Stewart as Chief Financial Officer MOO News (2010). APPENDIX S.No. RATIO Marks and Spencer Plc Year by Year 2010 2009 1 Current Ratio (Current Assets/Current Liabilities) =1520.2/1890.5 =1389.8/2306.9 2 ROCE (EBIT/Total Assets Current Liabilities) =852/(7153.2-1890.5) =870.7/(7258.1-2306.9) 3 Gross Profit Margin (Gross Profit/Net Sales x 100) =3618.5/9536.6 =3371.9/9062.1 4 Net Profit Margin (Net Profit/Net Sales x 100) =523/9536.6 =506.8/9062.1 5 Stock Turnover Period (Stock held/(Cost of Sales/ 365)) =613.2/(5918.1/365) =536/(5690.2/365) 6 Receivables (Debtors) days (A/Receivable*365/sales) =281.4*(365/9536.6) =285.2*(365/9062.1) 7 Payables (creditors) days (A/P / Cost of Sales/365) =1153.8/(5918.1/365) =1073.5/(5690.2/365) 8 WC cycle Days (Days Rec.+ Days Stock Days Payable) =11+38-71 =11+34-69 9 Gearing Ratio (Total Debt / Total Assets) =4967.3/7153.2 =5157.5/7258.1 10 Interest Coverage (EBIT/Interest Expense) =852/162.2 =870.7/214.5 (Marks and Spencer Plc, Annual Report, 2 010-2009)

Napoleon Bonapartes Position as a Great Man - 764 Words

People need leader, despite the fact that they will not mentioned in the history, who can direct, guide and motivate them to achieve greatness out of ordinary life. History has witnessed many great men who rose above their ordinary life and filled this position such as Napoleon Bonaparte. On June 18th 1815 in the town of Waterloo, Belgium, the Anglo-Allied forces and French army demonstrated their power under the command of Duke of Wellington and with leadership from Napoleon Bonaparte known as the Battle of Waterloo. After his return to France, Bonaparte assembled his infamous French army 72 000 men and proceed to attack the Anglo-Allied Forces of 118 000 under the command of The Duke of Wellington and Gebhard von Blà ¼cher. Against all odds and unfavorable circumstances, the French emperor marched onwards with an intention of preventing Anglo-Allied Forces advancing to Brussels. After attempting many of his acclaimed war tactics and strategies, Bonaparte’s strong effort and unfaltering eagerness were proven futile. By underestimating the strength of the Anglo-Allies, Bonaparte’s aspiration of a unified European nation was washed away with heavy rain and buried under the muddy ground of Waterloo. The strategic and tactful leader abdicated after witnes sing the scattered and dead army on June 21st 1815. Later, he was captured and exiled to the South Atlantic island of St Helena, where he died on May 5th 1821. When the British overcame the French forces, it stamped anShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Text  «the Man of Destiny » by George Bernard Shaw1271 Words   |  6 Pagesdialogues, full of witty paradoxes and often bitterly satirical. He was a friend of the Soviet Union which he visit in 1931. The Man of Destiny is an 1897 play by George Bernard Shaw. It was published as a part of Plays Pleasant, which also included Arms and the Man, Candida and You Never Can Tell. It is based on an historic incident at the early stage of Napoleon Bonapartes military career following upon his advancement to General. This text is written in a form of play. The style is informal, withRead MoreHow Was Political Grandeur And Dignity Articulated Through Early 19th Century Architecture?1286 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical grandeur and dignity both clearly and creatively, influencing how the reigning regime was received by French society and the rest of the world with the hopes of avoiding another revolution. Napoleon Bonaparte’s articulation of political grandeur through neoclassical architecture, Napoleon III’s articulation through the transformation of Paris and the Third Republics articulation through international exhibitions will each be discussed in this paper, with specific examples of Parisian civilRead MoreCode Napoleon  and â€Å"Declaration of the Rights of Man† Comparison1068 Words   |  5 PagesCode Napoleon  and â€Å"Declaration of the Rights of Man† Comparison The longest lasting effect of Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France was his overseeing the implementation of a series of national laws collectively known as the Civil Code, or Code Napoleon. Code Napoleon was the successor to the idea’s stated in The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, While at first, Napoleon generally adhered to the philosophies of the French Revolutionist as created in The Declaration of the RightsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Count Of Monte Cristo780 Words   |  4 Pagesdid not. The novel takes place during the Bourbon restoration, the period between Napoleon Bonapartes reign and that of his nephew Napoleon III, a time in which the revolutionists and the royalists fought quite frequently and created a national divide between the people of opposing factions. The country as a whole lay in a disastrous state having been passed from emperor to monarch, then a brief return from Napoleon and back to monarch (Pike). This historical conflict and national ins tability isRead Moredomestic and foreign policies of Napoleon Bonaparte1431 Words   |  6 PagesNancy Tomka Napoleon’s Domestic and Foreign Policies Prior to the 1700s, King Louis XVI got in power. He married Maria Antoinette. She is the daughter of Katherine the Great from Russia. While the king and the queen were enjoying their life in the palace of Versailles, people outside the palace had difficulties finding bread. The French Revolution took place with the lead of Robespierre. During the French Revolution, the French got fed up with outrageous taxes the monarchy made. It was so badRead MoreThrough Separate Publications, Geoffrey Parker And Victor1689 Words   |  7 Pagesfoundations by Parker and the prominent element by Hanson, while insightful, only delineate a single type of warfare that was used by the armies of Europe and the United States, however they fail to capitalize on the basis of their argument because neither man legitimately compares that type of warfare to any other method of fighting that was used, or is currently used, by other nations around the world. Hence, there is no Western Way of War; there is onl y the War of Adaptation. The War of Adaptation isRead MoreThe Mysterious Great Sphinx of Giza Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesI Thought There Would Be Answers: The Mysterious Great Sphinx of Giza At the request of Napoleon Bonaparte in the early 1800’s Dominique Vivant Baron Denon French artist and diplomat was to record the exploits and accomplishments of Bonaparte’s Egyptian campaign. In 1802, he published his travels. â€Å"The perfection given by the Egyptians to the representations of their animals proves that they were not without an idea of that bold style which expresses much character in a few lines, and their executionRead MoreHow Far Does Luck Explain the Rise and Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte?3147 Words   |  13 PagesHow far does luck explain the rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte? Napoleon Bonaparte like many others rose to prominence during the turbulent times of the French revolution- he was therefore lucky to have been born at such a time in to justify his advancing position. However his reputation as a skilled tactician and strategist enabled him to initially capitalize on the reforms of the French Revolution to improve the lives of French citizens. Napoleon Bonaparte emerged as an important figure for re-establishingRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte One of the most brilliant individuals in history, Napoleon Bonaparte was a masterful soldier, and a superb administrator. He was also utterly ruthless, a dictator and, later in his career, thought he could do no wrong. Not a Frenchman by birth, Napoleon Bonaparte was born at Ajaccio on Corsica only just sold to France by the Italian state of Genoa on August 15, 1769.He attended French at the school of Autun and later the military academy at Brienne. He never fully mastered FrenchRead MoreEssay Napoleon2888 Words   |  12 Pagesthink of Napoleon Bonaparte they think of either a tyrant emperor or a brilliant war strategist. Maybe both are right but in whatever conclusion any person comes to, they will know he was a small man who accomplished many great things. Napoleon conquered countries and developed a mass empire, which led to his celebrity like fame. He was a man that respected cultures and every religion and even cried when his men died on the battlefield. Bonaparte was an ama zing person who drove himself with great ambition

Cause and Effect Essay - Causes of School Violence

The United States is facing an epidemic of seriously violent crimes in middle schools and high schools across the country. At least fifty people have died due to a series of high school shootings. These shooting rampages have occurred across the United States in 13 cities ranging from Pennsylvania to southern Mississippi and to western California. Just when the murder rampages seem to be subsiding, another tragedy occurs. Preventive measures have been taken by the government and school systems. For instance, in 1994, Congress passed the Drug-Free Schools and Community Act, which provides for support of drug and violence prevention programs. However, these programs have not been effective in taming the ferocious dispositions of the†¦show more content†¦As evidence has shown, children view many violent scenes while watching television, movies, or playing video games, but the question still remains: What psychological effect does violence in the media have on children? Research over the past 10 years has consistently shown that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between media violence and real-life aggression (Strasburger 129). Violence in the media can lead to aggressive behavior by children and teenagers who watch the various programs. Of course, not all children who watch television, or movies, or play video games develop aggressive behavior. However, there is a strong correlation between media violence and aggressive behavior. A study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, examined how childrens television viewing practices are related to aggressive behaviors. The results revealed that children who reported watching greater amounts of television per day had higher levels of violent behavior than children who reported lesser amounts of television viewing (Singer 1041). Witnessing violence is an important determining factor in violent behavior. The media serves as a means for children to witness violence. According to Banduras Social Learning Theory, children imitate behavior that they see on television, especially if the person performing the behavior is attractive or if theShow MoreRelatedCause and Effect Essay661 Words   |  3 PagesChild violence is a topic which has exposed itself tremendously with both causes and effects; causes being, poor parenting, environment and exposure, and effects including depression, difficulties in school and criminal behavior. Most people try not to address poor parenting because it can be a very sensitive topic but, it is very important and lack of conversation or teaching can become an issue. We have all been somewhere and witness a child misbehaving and the parent not reprimanding theirRead MoreGame over: the Effects of Violent Video Games on Children Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesGame Over: The effects of Violent Video Games on Children Seven hours. That is the amount of hours a day the average American child plays a video games (Anderson 354), and with technology advancing and games becoming more graphic, the concern over a violent game’s effect over a child’s development is growing. What does playing video games for seven hours do to a child’s development? Violent, role-playing video games adversely affects a child’s development and causes aggression in children and adolescents;Read MoreViolence in the Media Does Not Contribute to the Violence in the Society1733 Words   |  7 Pages This essay aims to discuss whether violence in media contributes to the violence in the society. The essay will first define who the society is and what constitutes as violence in both the media and in society. It will then discuss audience reception studies and the uses and gratifications theory as to how the audiences receive the media and what they do with it. With evidence from supporting articles and a survey done, this essay will argue that violence in the media does not contribute to theRead MoreTelevised Violence causes Aggression in Young Boys1555 Words   |  7 PagesTelevised Violence causes Aggression in Young Boys Young boys are evidently influenced by things in their environment such as media, peers, and family. Elementary school aged boys are influenced easily because these are critical years in developing their sense of individuality and social skills with their peers. The vulnerably of young boys are a reason why they are a target of the popular culture of displaying television violence because they have rarely encountered it in previous years so theyRead MoreThe Violence Of South African Schools Perpetrated On Teachers By Learners Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesdictionary â€Å"violence is the use of physical force, usually intended to cause injury or disctruction. I strongly agree on this definition and to further more explain the definition, I will use King Shaka Zulu when he used violence in order to gain power or kingdom. We as African used violence to fight over white domination in our country that means violence in African people is running deep on their /our veins. Violence hap pens in many places but in this essay I will look at violence in South AfricanRead More The Effects Television Violence Has on Children Essay774 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effects Television Violence Has on Children Television has both positive and negative effects on children between the ages of two and five. Some research shows that violence in the media can be linked to aggressive behavior in children. Though, some researchers disagree with this statement and believe that there are other factors, besides television, which cause children to become violent. The following essay will reflect both sides of this argument. Violent television shows leadRead MoreEng 1011630 Words   |  7 PagesViolence in Music Videos and Music Lyrics has a negative impact on children. Music videos that expose profanity and sexuality are inappropriate and leave a negative impression on young children. Violence in music videos can cause health problem. Music videos that promote negative lyrics are affecting young children. Music lyrics with vulgar languages affect the development and well-being of young children. For example, the study author (Stone, 2009) found â€Å"that music with explicit referencesRead MoreBullying and Its Effects on Our Society936 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will demonstrate the bullying and its effects on our society, also its will propose some solutions to curb this social evil. Before we can discuss why people bully, need to have a clear understanding of what bullying is . It is the use of force to exploit the resources of others in order to achieve a particular interest; which stems from the need to force the owner of the resources and the talents and abilities of others to employ them in a manner expediency. Regardless of the meaningRead MoreDrug War Research Paper1354 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States. Many of these people are mostly working part time retail/food industry jobs or internships for many of the people do not have time to balance school and an actual full time job. College is often pricey, so this essay would be targeting namely those in the lower-middle to higher class. Because this demographic is attending school, all of these people have at least some college education. As for religious and sexual preferences, any and every type is present within this demographic. Read MoreWatching Tv Is Bad for Children (Argumentative Essay)871 Words à ‚  |  4 PagesWatching TV is Bad for Children (Argumentative Essay) Today, people of different races and generations become victims of TV addiction. Some people watch television because they want to be updated about what is happening in the world. They want to be aware and get connected with different people all around the globe. Nowadays, not only adults and teenagers, but also children, get hooked on television. Because of the busy world people are living in today, parents do not have time to take care and

Artificial Intelligence Programming Assignment Essay Example For Students

Artificial Intelligence Programming Assignment Essay Is it possible to place eight Queens on a chessboard, so that none of the Queens occupy the same row, column, or diagonal? Take a number whose square root is to be calculated, any positive number. Take a guess at the numbers square root. Calculate the square root by improving on the current guess as indicated:Next guess = (number/ current guess + current guess)/ 2 Repeat this process until the difference between the next guess and the current is within the accepted level of accuracy. The better your guess, the fewer the number of iterations needed to get the square root. A good first guess is typically half the number whose square root is to be calculated. The process is ten repeated until the desired accuracy is achieved. Determine a root of the equation f(x) = x^3-x^2-9x+9 = 0 using the Newton-Raphson method if the initial guess is x1 = 1.5. Solve the following set of linear simultaneous equations using the Gauss-Seidel method: 3.If illegal, pick the next position. 4. If no legal position is found, back up to one row. If legal positions are found for all eight rows, the problem is solved. Search the current node value to see if it equals the search value. If the search value is smaller than the current value, make the current node the left child node. Make the current node the right child node. Searches as far down the left side of the binary tree. When it encounters, NULL, the search switches to the bottom-most right child and resumes. Remove a node from the queue. This becomes the current node. Place all child nodes of the current node onto the queue. Get a positive number whose square root is to be calculated from the user. While more numbers remain, calculate firs guess, x0. Xn = 0.5 * (X (n-1) + Number/ X (n-1)) Until abs (Xn X (n 1)) *= Desired precision Get a positive number whose square root is to be calculated from the user. 1.Set number of iterations num_iter to zero. 2.Set previous estimate of the root (x_prev) to initial guess (x_init). 3.Set current estimate of the root (x_curr) to initial guess (x_init). 4.While num_iter * max_iter do the following a.Compute the value of the derivative at x_prev from derx = df (x_curr); b.If derx is less than epsilon (a value close to zero) return (1) c. Compute new estimate of the root from x_curr = x_prev f (x_prev)/ df (x_prev) e. Set new value of root equal to x_curr f.If estimate of root is within desired tolerance then return (0) The second approximation to the solution is X1 (2) = (b1 a12x2 (1) a13x3 (1))/a11 = X2 (2) = (b2 a21x1 (2) a23x3 (1))/a22 = X3 (2) = b3 a31x1 (2)-a32x2 (2)/a33 = Substituting the above values, we obtain the third approximation from X1 (3) = b1-a12x2 (2) a13x3 (2)/a11 = X2 (3) = b2-a21x1 (3) a23x3 (2)/a22 = 20 1(1.256) 2(-3.947)/ 5 = 5.328 X3 (3) = b3 a31x1 (3) a32x2 (3)/a33 = -12 3(1. 256) 2(5.328)/6 = -4.404 Bibliography: .